The Day of The Sun

The Moon and the Sun appear the same size in the sky as viewed from Earth due to the fact that our planetary satellite orbits in approximately the same plane as Earth's orbit around the Sun. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon comes directly between the Earth and the Sun and a partial eclipse happens if the alignment is slightly imperfect, covering only part of the Sun's disk. A total solar eclipse takes place when the Moon lines up perfectly while the entire solar disk is blocked. Partial eclipses are visible over a wide area of the Earth but the region from which a total eclipse is visible, called the path of totality, narrowly measures just a few kilometers although mainfesting for thousands of kilometers in length. Eclipses of the Sun happen once or twice a year while partial eclipses are visible several times per decade. However, people often travel half way around the world just to find themselves in the path of totality in order to see a total solar eclipse. To stand in the shadow of the Moon is an awesome experience. For a few precious minutes the sky gets dark in the middle of the day, the stars come out, the animals and birds think it's time to sleep admist the amazing sight of the solar corona: well worth a major journey.

In the year 321, Constantine the Great ruled that the first day of the week, "the venerable day of the Sun", should be a day of rest. The Sun's old association with the first day is responsible for the fact that the Lord's Day of Christianity bears the pagan name of Sunday.

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The Day of The Moon

Unlike solar eclipses, lunar eclipses are completely safe to watch. Protective filters for vision are unnecessary and one may view the celestial spectacle with the naked eye.

A lunar eclipse only occurs during a full moon, and only if the Moon passes through some portion of the Earth's shadow. The shadow is actually composed of two cone-shaped components, one nested inside the other. The outer or penumbral shadow is a zone where the Earth partially blocks the Sun's rays from reaching the Moon. In contrast, the inner or umbral shadow is a region where the Earth blocks all direct sunlight from reaching the Moon.

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The Day of Tyr

The name Tyr means "god" and goes back to the original chief god in Norse mythology, the precursor of Zeus in Greek mythology. Tyr was overtaken in popularity and in authority by Odin, who was revered as the ancestor of the Saxons, in both the North Germanic and West Germanic traditions, however among East Germanic tribes, remained the supreme diety.

According to the Edda, the Norse gods decided to shackle the wolf Fenrir, but the beast broke every chain they put upon him. Eventually they had the dwarves make them a magical ribbon from a woman's beard and a mountain's roots. Fenrir sensed the gods' deceit and refused to be bound with it unless one of them put his hand in the wolf's mouth. Tyr, known for the solemn pledge, agreed, and the other gods bound the wolf. Fenrir sensed that he had been tricked and bit off the god's hand. Fenrir will remain bound until the day of Ragnarok, when Tyr is destined to kill and be killed by Garm, the guard dog of Helheim.

Tuesday is derived from Tyr, the god of honorable war, the wrestler and the son of Odin, the Norse god of war and Frigga, the earth mother.

The Day of Odin

Deriving from the Scandinavian Woden (Odin), chief god of Norse mythology, who was often called the All Father. He is a son of Bor and Bestla. With Frigg he is the father of Balder, Hod, and Hermod. He fathered Thor on the goddess Jord; and the giantess Grid became the mother of Vidar.

Odin is the god of war and death, but also the god of poetry and wisdom. He hung for nine days, pierced by his own spear, on the world tree. There he learned nine powerful songs, and eighteen runes. From this throne in Asgard, he observes all that happens in the nine worlds. The daily tidings are brought to him nightly by his two ravens: Huginn and Muninn (Thought and Memory). He also resides in Valhalla, where slain warriors are taken, but capriciously travels incognito among mortals.

Odin's attributes are the dwarven spear Gungnir, which never misses its target, the magical gold ring Draupnir, from which every ninth night eight new rings appear, and his eight-footed steed Sleipnir. He is accompanied by the wolves Freki and Geri, to whom he gives his food for he himself consumes nothing but mead. Odin has only one eye, which blazes like the sun. His other eye he traded for a drink from the Well of Wisdom, and gained immense knowledge. On the day of the final battle, Odin will be killed by the wolf Fenrir.

The Day of Thor

Thor is the red-haired and bearded god of strength, thunder and lightning in Norse Mythology. He is the son of Odin and Jord. Whilst Odin is the god of the powerful and aristocratic, Thor is much more the god of the common man, often siding with mortals against other gods. Thor is an outright hero for mankind, powerfully defeating his enemies, though he lost a wrestling match to an old woman named Elli, Old Age. He is the only god who cannot cross from earth to heaven upon the rainbow bridge, for he is so heavy and powerful that the gods fear it will break under his weight. During Ragnarok, Thor will kill and be killed by Jormungand the serpent.

His golden-haired wife was called Sif. With Jarnsaxa, Thor was the father of Magni, Thrud, and Modi. Thor travelled in a chariot drawn by goats, wielding a short-handled war hammer, Mjollnir, which when thrown at a target, returned magically to the owner. To wield this formidable weapon, even a deity like Thor needed special iron gloves and a belt that doubled the wearer's strength. The strike of the hammer caused thunderclaps, and indeed, the name of this deity has produced the word for thunder in most Germanic languages. With the hammer, Thor indulged in his favorite sport of killing giants. Most of the surviving myths center on Thor's exploits, being the favorite deity of ancient Scandinavians.

The Day of Frigg

As the wife of Odin, Frigg means "beloved" and is the foremost goddess of Norse mythology. She is the patron of marriage, motherhood, household management, and domestic arts while also serving as the goddess of love and fertility. She has the power of prophecy although she insists on keeping silent about such knowledge to inhibit male corruption and is the only other person other than Odin who is permitted to sit on his high throne and look out over the universe. She also participates in the Wild Hunt along with her husband.

Frigg is especially concerned with keeping social order. She is called on for blessings when women are giving birth and for help in matters of traditional women's crafts: spinning, weaving, cooking and sewing. Frigg can also be called on by mothers who want to protect their children in olden days. This was especially the case with sons going out to battle, for whom their mothers would weave or sew special protective items to be worn during combat.

In the older myths, Frigg is the divine noble woman and housewife. Minor goddesses serve her and run her errands. She is the embodiment of womanhood and following Germanic tradition she is fiercely equal in authority to her husband. In no less than three of the myths she pits her cunning against Odin, and on each occasion she gets her way. Men wield physical power, while women take naturally to magical skills and are closer to the divine.

The Day of Saturn

Loki is quite probably the most dynamic figure in Norse mythology being not only the spawn of the giant Farbauti and the giantess Laufey but also the blood brother of Odin. He is regarded as one of Aesir, but is on occasion their crafty and malicious enemy. Portraying seldom heroic aspects, he can be compared with the trickster from North American myths. Loki's mistress is the giantess Angrboda, and with her he is the father of three children: Jormungand the serpent, Fenrir the wolf, and Hel. The rascal also shows gender equality while shapechanging, mothering Odin's eight-footed steed Sleipnir.

Sigyn is his wife who stayed forever loyal to him, even when the gods punished Loki for Balder's demise. He was chained to three large boulders; one correspondingly under his shoulders, loins, and knees. A poisonous snake was placed above his head. The dripping venom that lands on him is caught by Sigyn in a bowl and then emptied at a safe distance, allowing the poison that falls on Loki's face to make him twist in pain, causing earthquakes.

Loki shuns weapons, preferring to utilize his gift of speech. In the event he needs a tangible device, persuasion suffices to acquire the object of his desire. Words, like Loki himself, can be wonderful allies or fearsome enemies, depending on the circumstances. As a positive revolutionary force, Loki brings equilibrium to Norse mythology.